Ukusetyenziswa kweepleyiti zeceramic kususela emva kowe-1918, emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I, xa uColonel Newell Monroe Hopkins wafumanisa ukuba ukugquma isikrweqe sentsimbi ngeglaze yeceramic kuya kuluqinisa kakhulu ukhuseleko lwaso.
Nangona iipropathi zezinto ze-ceramic zafunyanwa kwangethuba, akuzange kube kudala ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziselwe iinjongo zomkhosi.
Amazwe okuqala asebenzisa isikrweqe seceramic ngokubanzi yayiyiSoviet Union yangaphambili, kwaye umkhosi wase-US wayisebenzisa kakhulu ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam, kodwa isikrweqe se-ceramic savela kuphela njengesixhobo sokuzikhusela kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yeendleko zangaphambili kunye neengxaki zobugcisa.
Ngapha koko, i-alumina ceramic yayisetyenziswa kwisikrweqe somzimba e-UK ngo-1980, kwaye umkhosi wase-US wavelisa i-SAPI yokuqala "yeplagi-in board" ngo-1990, eyayisisixhobo soguqulo sokhuselo ngelo xesha.Umgangatho wokhuseleko we-NIJIII unokunqanda iimbumbulu ezininzi ezinokusongela iintsana, kodwa umkhosi wase-US wawunganelisekanga yile nto.U-ESAPI wazalwa.
ESAPI
Ngelo xesha, ukukhuselwa kwe-ESAPI kwakungeyona i-hack eninzi, kwaye inqanaba le-NIJIV lokukhusela lenze ukuba livelele kwaye lisindise ubomi bamajoni angenakubalwa.Iyenza njani loo nto mhlawumbi ayinikeli ngqalelo ingako.
Ukuqonda indlela i-ESAPI esebenza ngayo, kufuneka siqonde isakhiwo sayo kuqala.Uninzi lwesikrweqe esihlanganisiweyo seceramic yithagethi yolwakhiwo lwe-ceramic + yethagethi yesinyithi/engeyiyo eyentsimbi ngasemva, kwaye i-ESAPI yomkhosi wase-US ikwasebenzisa esi sakhiwo.
Endaweni yokusebenzisa i-silicon carbide ceramic esebenzayo kwaye "inoqoqosho", uMkhosi wase-US wasebenzisa i-boron carbide ceramic ebiza kakhulu kwi-ESAPI.Kwinqwelomoya, umkhosi wase-US wasebenzisa i-UHMW-PE, nayo eyayibiza kakhulu ngelo xesha.Ixabiso le-UHMW-PE yokuqala lide ladlula elo le-BORON carbide.
Qaphela: ngenxa yebhetshi eyahlukileyo kunye nenkqubo, i-kevlar inokuphinda isetyenziswe njengepleyiti yokuxhasa ngumkhosi wase-US.
Iindidi zeeramics ezingangenwa bulletproof:
Iiseramikhi ze-bulletproof, ezikwaziwa njengeeseramics zolwakhiwo, zinobulukhuni obuphezulu, iimpawu zemodyuli ephezulu, ezidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukukrazula kwesinyithi, okufana nokusila iibhola zeceramic, intloko yesixhobo sokusila i-ceramic …….Kwizixhobo ezidibeneyo, iiseramics zihlala zidlala indima "yokutshatyalaliswa kweemfazwe".Zininzi iindidi zeseramikhi kwisikrweqe somzimba, ezona zisetyenziswa rhoqo ziiseramikhi zealumina (AI²O³), iiseramics zesilicon carbide (SiC), iiseramics zeboron carbide (B4C).
Iimpawu zabo ezahlukeneyo zezi:
Iiseramikhi ze-alumina zinobuninzi obuphezulu, kodwa ukuqina kuphantsi, umda wokucubungula uphantsi, ixabiso liphantsi.Ishishini linobunyulu obuhlukeneyo lihlulwe libe yi -85/90/95/99 i-alumina ceramics, ileyibhile yayo iphezulu ubunyulu, ubunzima kunye nexabiso liphezulu.
Ubuninzi be-silicon ye-carbide bumodareyitha, ubunzima obufanayo buyimodareyitha, buxhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-ceramics enexabiso elisebenzayo, ngoko ke uninzi lwezinto ezifakelwayo zezixhobo zasekhaya ziya kusebenzisa i-silicon carbide ceramics.
I-Boron carbide ceramics kwezi ntlobo zeekeramics kweyona ndawo iphantsi yoxinaniso, awona mandla aphezulu, kunye netekhnoloji yokusetyenzwa kwayo ikwaneemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-sintering, ngoko ke ixabiso layo likwalelona xabiso leceramics.
Ukuthatha i-NIJ grade ⅲ plate njengomzekelo, nangona ubunzima be-alumina ceramic ipleyiti yokufaka i-200g ~ 300g ngaphezu kwe-silicon carbide ipleyiti yokufaka i-ceramic, kunye ne-400g ~ 500g ngaphezu kwe-boron carbide ipleyiti yokufaka i-ceramic.Kodwa ixabiso yi-1/2 ye-silicon carbide yokufaka ipleyiti ye-ceramic kunye ne-1/6 ye-boron carbide ye-ceramic yokufaka ipleyiti, ngoko ke ipleyiti yokufaka i-alumina ceramic inelona xabiso liphezulu lokusebenza kwaye yeyemveliso ehamba phambili kwimarike.
Xa kuthelekiswa nepleyiti yentsimbi engangenwa bulletproof, ipleyiti ehlanganisiweyo/yeceramic yebulletproof inenzuzo engenakoyiswa!
Okokuqala, isikrweqe sentsimbi sibetha isikrweqe sentsimbi esilinganayo ngeprojectile.Kufuphi nomda wesantya sokungena, indlela yokusilela kwepleyiti ekujoliswe kuyo ikakhulu ziicraters ezicinezelayo kunye ne-shear slugs, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ekinetic ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wokucheba obangelwa luguquko lweplastiki kunye ne-slugs.
Ukusetyenziswa kombane ngokufanelekileyo kwesikrweqe se-ceramic esiyintlanganisela ngokucacileyo siphezulu kuneso sikrweqe sentsimbi esilinganayo.
Ukusabela kwethagethi ye-ceramic yahlulwe kwiinkqubo ezintlanu
I-1: uphahla lwebhulethi luqhekeke lube ngamaqhekeza amancinci, kwaye ukutyunyuzwa kwentloko yemfazwe kwandisa indawo yesenzo esijoliswe kuyo, ukwenzela ukuba ukusabalalisa umthwalo kwi-plate ye-ceramic.
2: iintanda zivela kumphezulu weekeramics kwindawo yempembelelo, kwaye zandise ngaphandle ukusuka kwindawo yempembelelo.
3: Ibala lokunyanzelisa elinommandla wempembelelo woxinzelelo lwamaza ngaphambili ukuya ngaphakathi kwiceramic, ukuze i-ceramic yaphuke, umgubo oveliswe kwindawo yempembelelo ejikeleze iprojekti ebhabha ngaphandle.
I-4: i-cracks ngasemva kwe-ceramic, ngaphezu kwezinye ii-radial cracks, ii-cracks ezisasazwa kwi-cone, umonakalo uya kwenzeka kwi-cone.
I-5: i-ceramic kwi-cone iyaphulwa ibe ngamaqhekeza phantsi kweemeko ezixinzelelekileyo zoxinzelelo, xa i-projectile impembelelo ye-ceramic surface, ininzi yamandla e-kinetic ichithwa ekutshatyalalisweni kwendawo ephantsi ye-cone, ububanzi bayo buxhomekeke kwiipropati zoomatshini kunye nobukhulu bejometri. yeprojectile kunye nemathiriyeli yeceramic.
Oku kungasentla ziimpawu zokuphendula zezixhobo zeceramic kwiprojectiles esezantsi/ephakathi.Oko kukuthi, iimpawu zokuphendula ze-projectile velocity ≤V50.Xa isantya seprojekithi singaphezulu kwe-V50, iprojekti kunye ne-ceramic ziyakhukulisana, zenza indawo yokutyumza i-mescall apho zombini isikrweqe kunye nomzimba weprojekti ubonakala njengolwelo.
Impembelelo efunyenwe yi-backplane intsonkothile kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo i-dimensional-dimensional kwindalo, kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaleya enye kunye nakuwo wonke lo maleko wefayibha akufutshane.
Ngamagama alula, amaza oxinzelelo ukusuka kwilaphu lelaphu ukuya kwimatrix yeresin kwaye emva koko ukuya kumaleko akufuphi, ukusabela kwamaza oxinzelelo kwindawo yokuhlangana yefayibha, okukhokelela ekusasazekeni kwamandla empembelelo, ukwanda kwamaza kwi-resin matrix, ukwahlukana kwe-resin matrix. Umaleko welaphu kunye nokufuduka komgangatho welaphu kwandisa amandla e-composite ukufunxa amandla e-kinetic.Ukufuduka okubangelwa yi-crack travel kunye nokusasazwa kunye nokwahlulwa kwemigangatho yelaphu ngalinye kunokufunxa inani elikhulu lamandla empembelelo.
Kuvavanyo lokulinganisa lokungena lokungena kwisikrweqe esihlanganisiweyo se-ceramic, umfuniselo wokulinganisa wamkelwa ngokubanzi elabhoratri, oko kukuthi, umpu werhasi usetyenziselwa ukwenza umfuniselo wokungena.
Kutheni i-Linry Armor inenzuzo yexabiso njengomvelisi wokufakwa kweembumbulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje?Kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili:
(1) Ngenxa yeemfuno zobunjineli, kukho imfuno enkulu yeeseramikhi zolwakhiwo, ngoko ke ixabiso leeseramics zesakhiwo liphantsi kakhulu [ukwabelana ngeendleko].
(2) Njengomenzi wezinto ezikrwada kunye neemveliso ezigqityiweyo zicutshungulwa kwiifektri zethu, ukuze sikwazi ukubonelela ngezona mveliso zisemgangathweni kunye namaxabiso anobubele kwiivenkile ezikhusela iimbumbulu kunye nabantu ngabanye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-18-2021